El Mundo de Funke

jueves, 5/1/12

Bienvenidos a la clase de espanol! Welcome to 2nd quarter 8th grade Spanish! :-) Below you will find the 8th grade Spanish class syllabus. :-) Please read it with your child/parents and sign and return the bottom portion of the letter from class. This slip is due on Wednesday, January 11th and is worth 10 points.

A 3-ring binder, assignment notebook, regular notebook, and a writing utensil is needed for this class every day.

Clase de español, 8th grade, 2011 - 2012

3rd quarter (1/5/12 - 3/16/12)

2^nd period 8:36-9:21; 6th period: 11:46 – 12:33

Teacher: Ms. Funke, rm. 207

Telephone: 708-795-5800, ext. 4730

Email: lfunke@bsd100.org

Teacher Website (you can find homework here): mundofunke.yolasite.com

Objectives:

1. Develop a strong command of Spanish language grammar and vocabulary.

2. Analyze the cultures of Spanish-speaking nations, and compare and contrast them with that of the United States.

3. Create products through the visual and performing arts that illustrate the works of Latin American and Spanish artists, poets, authors, etc. as well as products that demonstrate various perspectives and practices of Latin American countries and Spain.

4. Investigate the importance of the Spanish language in today’s world.

5. Locate Spanish- speaking countries and their capitals on a map.

Necessary Materials:

1. one 1” binder to be used as a portfolio (daily)

2. one notebook (daily)

3. Assignment notebook (daily)

4. a pen or pencil (daily)

5. markers, colored pencils, or crayons

6. note cards

7. glue stick

8. scissors

Rules:

1. No cheating or plagiarizing.

2. Arrive on time.

3. Raise your hand to ask a question or make a contribution to class discussions.

4. Stay seated.

5. Respect all classmates and the classroom.

Rewards:

Daily: Patriot Pride Awards

Periodically: Activity of choice minutes (minimal tardies and detentions; no Ds or Fs class-wide)

Quarterly: End of quarter celebration (minimal tardies and detentions; no Ds or Fs class-wide)

Consequences:

1. Verbal warning or name on board

2. 10 minutes after school ( no show = extra 5 min. to be served the next day)

3. Detention and/or phone call

4. Parent, teacher, student meeting (possible parent attendance for the day or week)

Tardy Policy: See school discipline code. All students must sign in upon being tardy to Ms. Funke’s class on a designated sign-in sheet posted in the classroom.

Work Policy:

1. All class work is due at the end of the period. Incomplete work = no credit.

2. All homework is due the next day in class unless stated otherwise. Homework assignments and due dates will be posted.

3. Late work is not accepted. A zero/grade of F will result for work that is not turned in on time. No exceptions!

Absent Work:

Students get as many days as they were absent to turn in absent work. After the allotted amount of time the missing assignments will become zeros/Fs. No exceptions.

Grading Scale:

A = 100-94%

B = 93-85%

C = 84-75%

D = 74-70%

F = Below 70%

Grade Breakdown (categories):

60%: Portfolio

( PROJECTS and QUIZZES)

25%: Participation

(CLASSWORK, HOMEWORK, HAVING PORTFOLIO BINDER, NOTEBOOK, AND ASSIGNMENT NOTEBOOK DAILY, and CITIZENSHIP)

15%: Tres Oraciones (three sentences)

(ANSWERING DAILY CULTURE and LANGUAGE-RELATED QUESTIONS IN A NOTEBOOK)

11/1/12 - 6/1/12

cognado = a word that looks like (similar spelling) and sounds like a word in another language, and means the same thing, such as movimiento/movement.

cognado falso = a word that looks like (similar spelling) and sounds like a word in another language, but DOES NOT means the same thing, for example,

asistir (to attend)/assist (to aid someone or in doing something)

MANDATOS

El imperativo: commands (requests) for others to do an action

Use these words below to tell a group of people to do something. Just be careful with informal vs. formal when in Spain!

Espana (informal) Latinoamèrica (informal y formal)/Espana (formal)

1. vosotros/as abrid ustedes abran (open)

2. vosotros/as compartid ustedes compartan (share)

3. vosotros/as dibujad ustedes dibujen (draw)

4. vosotros/as discutid ustedes discutan (discuss)

5. vosotros/as escribid ustedes escriban (write)

6. vosotros/as escuchad ustedes escuchen (listen)

7. vosotros/as estudiad ustedes estudien (study)

8. vosotros/as haced ustedes hagan (do)

9. vosotros/as jugad ustedes juegen en grupos (play)

10. vosotros/as levantaos ustedes levàntense (stand up)

11. vosotros/as levantaos la mano ustedes levanten la mano (raise hand)

12. vosotros/as mirad ustedes miren (look/watch)

13. vosotros/as repetid ustedes repitan (repeat)

14. vosotros/as pensad en ustedes piensen en (think about)

15. vosotros/as sacad ustedes saquen (take out)

16. vosotros/as usad ustedes usen (use)

Vocales (vowels)

Each vowel represents only one sound each. You never ignore a Spanish vowel: each one is pronounced clearly.

a = "ah"

e = "eh"

i = "eee"

o = "oh"

u = "ooo"

Consonantes (Consonants)

Letters c and g represent two sounds each:

C: "s" sound when followed by vowels e, or i; "k" sound when followed by vowels a,o, u or another consonant

G: "h" sound when followed by e or i; "g" sound when followed by a, o, u or another consonant

CH: represents the same "ch" sound as it does in English. This is no longer considered a letter, but a unique sound

H: is always silent (rules to kow when to use h are to come)

J: represents the "h" sound

LL: not technically a letter, but represents the "y" sound, just like letter y does in Spanish

Q: represents the "k" sound

ñ: represents a unique "ny" combination like in the word piñata

X: represents a soft "z" like in the word xylophone (xilófono)

All other consonants (b, d, f, k, l, m, n, p, r, s, t, v, w, y, z) represent one sound each. They are the same sounds as in English

ADDITIONAL NOTE:

No native words of Spanish contain W, and therefore the sound "w". Any word that is in the Spanish dictionary that has this word/sound has been adopted into the Spanish language from another language.

Genero de los nombres/The Gender of Nouns

- Most words that end in a are feminine/Most words that end in o are masculine

*EXCEPTIONS = dìa (masc.), mapa (masc.), mano (fem.)

- Words that end in l-o-n-e-r-s are most likely masculine

- Words that en in d-iòn-za are most likely feminine

- Words that end in ciòn-siòn-tad-dad-umbre are almost always feminine

-Words that end in a but come from Greek are masculine

problema, sistema, idioma, tema, clima, programa, poema, telegrama

Los nombres plurales/Plural nouns

- If the noun ends with a vowel, add s.

- If the noun ends with a consonant, add es.

- If the noun ends with z, change the z to c and add es.

Artìculos/Articles

In Spanish, as in English, there are definite and indefinite articles.

In Spanish, the article you use depends on the gender and number (singular or plural) of the noun it follows.

Definite article ("the") Indefinite article ("a, an, some")

el (masc./sing.) = the un (masc./sing.) = a,an

la (fem., sing.) = the una (fem./sing) = a,an

los (masc./pl.) = the unos (masc./pl.) = some

las (fem./pl.) = the unas (fem./pl.) = some

____ actividad 19. ____ companero/a 36. ____ estudiante

(activity) (classmate) (student)

2____ amistad 20. ____ computadora 37. ____ flashdrive

(friendship) (computer) (flashdrive)

3. ____ amigo/a 21. ____ contactos 38. ____ gafas

(friend) (contacts) (glases)

4. ____ bandera 22. ____ cine 39. ____ gafas de sol

(flag) (movies) (sunglasses)

5. ____ bano 23. ____ cuarto 40. ____ gato

(bathroom) (bedroom, room) (cat)

6.____ bicicleta 24. ____ cuchara 41. ____ gimnasio

(bike) (spoon) (gym)

____ boligrafo (boli) 25. ____ cuchillo 42. ____ grapadora

(pen) (knife) (stapler)

____ calculadora 26. ____ deportes 43. ____ hermano/a

(calculator) (sports) (brother/sister)

____ carpeta 27. ____ detencion :-( 44. ____ hermanastro/a

(folder) (detention) (step-brother/step-sister)

____ carro 28. ____ dinero 45. ____ hora

(car) (money) (hour)

_____ cartel 29. ____ ejercicios 46. ____ horario

(poster) (exercise) (schedule)

____ carton 30. ____ equipo 47. ____identificacion (ID)

(cardboard) (team) (identification)

____ casa 31. ____ enfermera 48. ____ internet

(house) (nurse) (internet)

____ celular 32. ____ entrenador/a 49. ____ investigacion

(cell phone) (male coach/female coach) (research)

____ centro comercial 33. ____ ensayo 50. ____ juego

(mall) (essay) (game..like a board game)

_____ cocina 34. ____ escritorio 51. _____ juramiento (a la bandera)

(kitchen) (desk) (pledge to the flag)

_____ comedor 35. ____ escuela 52. ____ lapiz

(kitchen table) (school) (pencil)

_____ comida 36. ____ examen 53. ____ libro

(food) (test) (book)

____ libro comico 77. ____ portatil 100. ____ texto

(OMIT) (laptop) (text)

____ luz 78. ____ pregunta 101. ____ tiempo

(light) (question) (time/weather)

____ madre (mama) 79. ____ presentacion 102. ____ tienda

(mother/mom) (presentation) (store)

____ madastra 80. ____ programa 103. ____ tio/a

(step-mother) (show) (aunt/uncle)

____maestro/a 81. ____ primo/a 104. ____ uniforme

(teacher) (cousin) (uniform)

____ marcador 82. ____ proyecto 105. ____ ventana

(marker) (project) (window)

____ mascota 83. ____ puerta 106. ____ videojuegos

(mascot/pet) (door) (videogames)

____ mesa 84. ____ raton 107. ____ vocabulario

(table) (mouse-computer) (vocabulary)

____ moneda(s) 85. ____ relacion 108. ____ zapatos

(money/coins) (relationship) (shoes)

____ monopatin 86. ____ red social (ex., facebook)

(skateboard) (social network)

____ oficina 87. ____ ropa

(office) (clothes)

____ padre (papa) 88. ____ sacapuntas

(father/dad) (pencil sharpener)

____ padastro 89. ____ sala de estar

(step-father) (living room)

____ pantalla 90. ____ salon de clase

(screen) (classroom)

____ papel 91. ____ servilleta

(paper) (napkin)

____ partido (de ________) 92. ____ silla

(sports game) (chair)

____ pegamento 93. ____ sistema de juego

(glue) (gaming system)

____ pelicula 94. ____ tarea

(movie) (homework)

____ periodo 95. ____ tarjetas de nota

(period) (note cards)

____ perro 96. ____ tazon

(dog) (bowl)

____ plato 97. ____ teclado

(plate) (keyboard)

____ pluma 98. ____ tenedor

(pen) (fork)

____ poema 99. ____ tenis

(poem) (gym shoes)

Clases

109. ____ clase de _________ (fill in blank with a class name from below) (class)

110. ... arte (art) 115. ... lectura (Lit/Reading +) 120. ... tecnologia (tech)

111. ... ciencias (science) 116. ... matematicas (math +)

112. ... ciencias sociales (social studies) 117. ... musica (music)

113. ... educacion fisica (physical education) 118. ... ortografia (writing...LA)

114. ... espanol (Spanish) 119. ...salud (health)

Deportes

121. baloncesto (basquetbol) (basketball)

122. beisbol (baseball)

123. cross country (cross country)

124. futbol americano (American footbal....like what the Bears play)

125. futbol (soccer)

126. natacion (swimming)

127. voleibol (velleyball)

For a video review of the five pronouns for "you," scroll down to the "subject pronouns" video below. Start the video at 8:30. :-)

Pronombres de "you"

singular plural

informal tù vosotros/as (used in Spain ONLY)

formal usted (Ud.) ustedes (Uds.)

* In Spain this is used formally ONLY.

Scroll down to find video clips about the gender of nouns, making nouns plural, subject pronouns, and articles. :-)

Spanish Personal Pronouns (pronombres personales)

yo = I

tù= you (informal)

èl = he

ella = she

Usted = you (formal)

nosotros = we (a group of all boys or girls and boys)

nosotras = we (feminine)

*vosotros = you all, a group of boys or a mixed group of boys and girls (only used in Spain, but we are using it in our class, too!)

*vosotras = "you all", feminine (also used only in Spain, but we will use it)

ellos = they (all boys or a mix of boys and girls)

ellas = they (feminine)

*Ustedes = you all (formal, used in Spain and in our class)

ustedes = you (used in any other Spanish country the same way Spain uses "vosotros" and "vosotras")

(scroll down to view a video on present tense verbs in Spanish)

A verb infinitive/infinitivo is the original form of the verb. This is the form of the verb that can be found in the dictionary. There are three types of Spanish verb infinitives: those that end in -AR, those that end in -ER, and those that end in -IR. Verb infinitives always mean "to something", like the verb "hablar". This verb means "to talk". We cannot tell who is doing the verb by reading or saying an infinitive. In order to express WHO is doing the verb we must take off the last two letters of the infinitive and add a new verb ending. If working with "hablar" in the present tense, we would remove the -ar thus creating a verb stem, "habl-". To say "I talk" we would then attach an -o to the stem "habl-", creating a new word, "hablo". This new word is called a conjugation/conjugaciòn. When we remove the last two letters from verb infinitives then attach new endings to the remaining verb stem we are conjugating the verb.

When describing the actions of people the new verb endings we use in conjugations are related to personal pronouns. Here are the twelve personal pronouns we learned along with the verb conjugation endings they use:

-AR present tense verb endings:

yo -o nosotros/nosotras -amos

tù -as vosotros/vosotras -àis

èl/ella/Usted (Ud.) -a ellos/ellas/ustedes -an

-ER present tense verb endings:

yo -o nosotros/nosotras -emos

tù -es vosotros/vosotras -èis

èl/ella/Usted (Ud.) -e ellos/ellas/ustedes -en

-IR present tense verb endings:

NOTE: Notice that these endings are the same as -ER present tense verb endings except the "nosotros/nosotras" and "vosotros/vosotras" forms. :-)

yo -o * nosotros/nosotras -imos

tù -es * vosotros/vosotras -ìs

èl/ella/Usted (Ud.) -e ellos/ellas/ustedes -en

ESTAR = to be (temporary)

DESCRIBES: state of being, emotion, and location

* When using ESTAR to describe the location of someone or something follow the structure ESTAR + en + location, for example, "she is in the living room" is "Ella està en la sala de estar".

* When using ESTAR to describe state of being or emotion be sure the adjective the define the state of being or emotion AGREES with the noun it modifies in GENDER and NUMBER, for example, "They are excited" would be "Ellos estàn emocionados".

Because "ellos" is a plural, masculine subject any words that describe this subject must also be masculine and plural, so this is why the word for "excited" is plural and masculine. The verb form of ESTAR agrees in perspective. "Ellos", the subject, is 3rd person plural, so the form of ESTAR that 3rd person plural takes is used in this sentence (verbs do not show gender).

Present tense forms of ESTAR:

yo estoy nosotros/nosotras estamos

tù estàs vosotros/vosotras estàis

èl/ella/Usted està ellos/ellas/ustedes estàn

Some verbs are irregular in one or more conjugations. This means that there is a change somewhere in the stem. Here are some categories of irregular verbs:

1. Yo verbs - verbs that have a stem change in the "yo" form only. Yo verb infinitives can end in -AR, -ER, or -IR.

EJEMPLO: hacer (to do, make)

yo hago nosotros/nosotras hacemos

tù haces vosotros/vosotras hacèis

èl/ella/Usted hace ellos/ellas/ustedes hacen

2. Boot verbs - verbs that change in the stem for all forms EXCEPT the "nosotros/nosotras" and "vosotros/vosotras" forms.

EJEMPLO: poder = to be able to ("o" changes to "ue")

yo puedo nosotros/nosotras podemos

tù puedes vosotros/vosotras podèis

èl/ella/Usted puede ellos/ellas/ustedes pueden

Notice that if you were to draw around the verb conjugations excluding the "nosotros/nosotras" and vosotros/vosotras" forms, the shape you draw will look like a basic "boot".

El Mundo de Funke

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